儿童食素好处多多
</p><img border="0" alt="" style="width: 334px; height: 447px" src="http://www.chinavegan.com/userfiles/2011-03-02/20110302_2333582989.jpg" />
</p>
“宝宝吃素能否拥有健康的体魄?”这是孩子父母最关心、最担心的问题。本文就是从科学角度往返答这个问题，事实说明素食对宝宝来说是很有益处的。</p>
被誉为20世纪最可信和最受爱戴的“育儿之父”、美国儿科权威、医学博士，本杰明•斯波克， 在他举世闻名的《婴幼儿护理》第七版中就建议广大家长让孩子吃素。“我们都很清楚肉食有害健康”，斯波克博士在书中写道, “从植物类食物中获取营养的儿童远比从动物类食物中摄取营养的儿童健康得多。他们极少患肥胖症、糖尿病、高血压和某些癌症。我再也不会向家长们推荐乳制品。牛奶一度被公认为最好的营养饮品，但科学研究和临床医学论证的结论令医生和营养师不得不重新评价牛奶的营养价值。”</p>
素食含有全面丰富的碳水化合物、蛋白质、纤维、维生素和矿物质，是孩子们最理想的食物，素食儿童完全能茁壮成长，真正的素食儿童也证实了这一点。</p>
下面是英国一项针对学龄儿童的调查结果。</p>
<strong>全素儿童和杂食儿童之饮食摄取比较</strong></p>
<div align="center">
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="553" style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 414.8pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid">
<tbody>
<tr>
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<div>营养素</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>六至十三岁的全素儿童<span>
</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>七至十二岁的杂食儿童<span>
</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>能量</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>83</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>82</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>蛋白质（公克<span>/1000卡路里）</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>31.0</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>30.8</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>脂肪（公克<span>/1000卡路里）</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>35.0</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>41.1</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<div>醣类碳水化合物（公克<span>/1000卡路里）</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>148</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>135</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>纤维（公克<span>/1000卡路里）</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>21.8</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>9.2</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>钙（毫克<span>/1000卡路里）</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>270</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>400</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>铁（毫克<span>/1000卡路里）</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>12.6</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>5.7</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>锌（毫克<span>/1000卡路里）</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>4.3</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>3.9</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>铜（毫克<span>/1000卡路里）</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>0.96</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>0.96</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>维生素<span>A</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>546</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>370</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>维生素<span>B1</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>0.98</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>0.64</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>核黄素（毫克<span>/1000卡路里）</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>1.00</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>0.82</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>烟酸（烟酸当量<span>/1000卡路里）</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>14.0</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>14.1</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>维生素<span>B6</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>0.79</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>0.66</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>维生素<span>B12</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>1.3</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>1.64</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>叶酸（微克<span>/1000卡路里）</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>146</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>77</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>生物素（微克<span>/1000卡路里）</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>10.9</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>7.9</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>维生素<span>C</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>54</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>38.2</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>维生素<span>D</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>1.1</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>0.9</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>维生素<span>E</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>4.4</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; border-left: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 3pt; background-color: transparent; padding-left: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; border-top: windowtext 1pt solid; border-right: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">
<div>2.5</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
(来源：TAB Sanders & J Manning,J Hum Nutr Diet 1992)</p>
由表可看出，素食儿童与肉食儿童相比，其营养摄取量，除维生素B12和钙外，对膳食纤维以及研究项目中所有的维生素和矿物质都有较高的吸收量。 全素儿童的基本营养素摄取量与杂食的儿童相似，甚至更多。全素儿童的蛋白质摄取量和杂食儿童也相妨。 表中的这些测试数据相对来说还是比较早期的，目前市场上强化钙产品很轻易买到，素食儿童可从从大豆酸奶、强化豆奶和豆浆中得到充足的钙。对婴儿来说母乳中维生素D的含量也有助于钙的吸收，另市场上的Farley's大豆婴儿奶粉等也能满足各种营养素的比例。此外全素儿童可适当补充维生素B12如食用营养酵母，强化维生素B12的食物或者维生素B12的补给品来满足需要。</p>
目前在美国，学龄前吃全素的儿童对蛋白质、维生素和矿物质都有很大的摄取量;所有营养方面的研究显示，他们饮食中各种营养的摄取量都超过了推荐摄取量。</p>
<strong> 全素儿童所需的主要营养素及来源</strong></p>
<span style="color: #000000"> <strong>蛋白质</strong></span></p>
假如儿童食用各式各样的植物性食物，且摄取足够的卡路里，蛋白质的需求量是可以轻易地就达到的。全素儿童的蛋白质来源包括豆类、榖类、以及坚果等。</p>
<strong><span style="color: #000000">钙</span></strong></p>
研究显示从许多植物性食物里头吸收的钙质是非常好的。从含有低草酸酯的蔬菜像是花椰菜和羽衣甘蓝所吸收的钙质在52%--59%，而牛奶钙质吸收则为32%。下面的食物含钙量表可供大家参考。</p>
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<div>食物</div>
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<div>钙质含量</div>
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<div>50克的豆腐</div>
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<div>250</div>
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<div>8盎司的强化钙质豆浆</div>
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<div>250—300</div>
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<div>5颗干无花果</div>
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<div>258</div>
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<div>1大匙的黑糖浆</div>
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<div>187</div>
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<div>2大匙的芝麻籽</div>
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<div>176</div>
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<div>2大匙的芝麻酱</div>
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<div>128</div>
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<div>63克的菠菜</div>
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<div>100</div>
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<div>63克的羽衣甘蓝</div>
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<div>94</div>
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<div>105克的大豆</div>
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<div>87</div>
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<div>33克的杏仁</div>
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<div>80</div>
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<div>121克的烤豆</div>
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<div>64</div>
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<div>33克的巴西胡桃</div>
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<div>57</div>
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<div>1只柳橙</div>
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<div>56</div>
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<div>100克的花椰菜</div>
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<div>40</div>
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对成长中的骨骼和牙齿来说，钙质是一项很重要的营养素。好的钙质来源包括强化全素奶和果汁、含有钙质的豆腐、赤糖糊、组织性植物蛋白以及含有低草酸的深绿叶蔬菜例如青菜和羽衣甘蓝等。</p>
<strong><span style="color: #000000">维生素D</span></strong></p>
所有的儿童从断奶后至三岁，维生素D的消耗量可能非凡大，因此所有至五岁的儿童都建议食用含有维生素D的维生素滴剂。不过，一年到头经常曝晒在阳光下的儿童似乎不需要补充膳食维生素D。那些很少接触阳光或者皮肤黝黑的儿童，以及饮食中不包括维生素D的儿童则需要补充。对素食儿童可从强化植物性维生素D的食物包括人造黄油、一些全素奶粉和强化营养的早餐麦片中得到补充。</p>
<strong><span style="color: #000000">铁</span></strong></p>
缺铁性贫血是儿童最常见的营养方面的问题。全素儿童发生的可能性并不比非全素儿童的多。全素婴儿已被发现他们的摄取量已超过建议的标准，但婴儿的非血基质铁吸收能力较低。蔬菜中常见的维生素C和其它有机酸大大地增进非血基质铁的吸收。全素儿童的维生素C摄取量通常都很高，同时结合大量的膳食铁，可以补偿较低的非血基质铁之生物利用度。全素儿童良好的铁质来源包括全榖类或营养价值加强的榖类，以及谷物食品、强化铁质的麦片、豆类植物、绿叶蔬菜，和干果。</p>
<strong><span style="color: #000000">锌</span></strong></p>
全素和非全素儿童饮食的含锌量相似。但是，植物性食物中所含的锌不是那么轻易被吸收因为植物性食物含有植酸，会干扰锌的吸收。豆类植物和坚果等可以增加饮食中锌的量，同时也促进吸收。食用酵母面包和发酵的大豆食品像豆豉和豆面酱等也可增加锌的摄取量。同时目前市场上有适合儿童的全素维生素和矿物质补充品，需要时也可服用。</p>
<strong><span style="color: #000000">维生素B12</span></strong></p>
维生素B12对发育中的神经系统很重要，所以必须保证婴儿与儿童能获得可靠的维生素B12来源。母乳喂养的女性需补充维生素B12，一些品牌的全素奶粉也含各种营养要素。对儿童来说，早餐吃的营养麦片、强化过的酵母提取物、豆奶和五谷豆奶等都是维生素B12的来源，素食中的香菇、紫菜、海带、酵母、大豆等都拥有大量的维生素B12，绿藻的维生素B12含量甚至比动物性食物还多。</p>
<strong> 从长远角度看素食对孩子的益处</strong></p>
<span style="color: #993366">给孩子吃素，就给了他一个健康的好开始， 奠定了终身的健康饮食习惯</span><span style="color: #3366ff">。</span></p>
素食含有全面丰富的碳水化合物、蛋白质、纤维、维生素和矿物质，是孩子们最理想的食物，科学研究表明素食宝宝比肉食儿童更健康、更聪明、更精力充沛。美国知名的查尔斯•阿特伍德医生表示：“通过食用蔬菜、水果、谷物、豆类等低脂食物，孩子们足以获取所需的卡路里，他们不但会正常发育，而且会比肉食的孩子长得更高”。从现在开始给孩子食用健康素食会令他们拥有更加美好的未来。</p>
<span style="color: #993366">健康的体液呈弱碱性</span></p>
病理学家认为，一切疾病多数是从体液的酸中毒开始。肉食品属酸性食物，吃多了会与体内的碱发生中和反应，使体液呈酸性，宝宝从小多吃蔬菜、水果等碱性食物，可以中和体内过多的酸性物质，使人体酸碱平衡，增强体质，不易生病。</p>
<span style="color: #993366">多余脂肪易引发疾病</span></p>
肉食使体内聚积了易引发疾病的多余脂肪，会使儿童变得肥胖，成为小胖墩，导致嗜睡、精力下降、胆固醇升高等症状，长此以往，他们在儿童时期就可能出现许多慢性疾病。而且摄取过多的蛋白质也会导致体内钙质流失。</p>
<span style="color: #993366">不喝牛奶孩子更健康</span></p>
人类是世界上唯一饮用其他物种乳汁的动物。让孩子喝牛奶就如同让小狗喝长颈鹿的奶一样违反自然规律。人类的小孩不需要牛奶的营养，不喝牛奶他们完全可以茁壮成长。奶制品中含有大量外来的、极易引发过敏的蛋白质，并且常含有激素和其他化学污染成分。很多儿童或多或少对牛奶中的蛋白质过敏，诱发肠道疾病和哮喘等。 含激素的牛奶也会导致儿童性早熟。另外，约90%以上的中国人，都属于乳糖不耐体质，喝牛奶易引发腹痛，胀气和腹泻等。</p>
<span style="color: #993366">素食符合人体结构</span></p>
人体结构更接近食草动物。人的大肠、小肠都比食肉动物要长得多，肉类食品纤维少、营养浓缩，在肠中过久会产生毒素，还会引起便秘。而素食 能起到清洁肠胃、排毒等功效。</p>
<span style="color: #993366"> 素食则会促进孩子智力发展</span></p>
研究表明，长期让儿童食用肉类会影响智力水平，而素食则会促进孩子智力发展。美国研究者发现美国儿童平均智商为99，而素食儿童的平均智商为116。</p>
<font class="red"></font></p> 友情顶贴 不成 南无阿弥陀佛！随喜赞叹素食的力量不可思议！ 吃素的不胖
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